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< h1 > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk" > pyTermTk< / a > - Your first Calculator< a class = "headerlink" href = "#pytermtk-your-first-calculator" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h1 >
< section id = "intro" >
< h2 > Intro< a class = "headerlink" href = "#intro" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > This example shows how to use < a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/tutorial/003-signalslots.html" > signals and slots< / a > to implement the functionality of a calculator widget, and how to use < a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/autogen.TermTk/TermTk.TTkLayouts.gridlayout.html" > TTkGridLayout< / a > to place child widgets in a grid.
Due to the modular nature of < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk" > pyTermTk< / a > , the same result may be achieved in multiple ways, for the sack of simplicity I will use a procedural approach avoiding to create a calculator widget.< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "design" >
< h2 > Design< a class = "headerlink" href = "#design" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > First of all we need a rough idea about the layout we want to achieve.
Thanks to my amazing < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/demo/paint.py" > paint.py< / a > I draw my idea and I used it to check the grid placement of any widget< / p >
< div class = "highlight-default notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > Col: 0 1 2 3
|-------|-------|-------|-------| Row:
╔═════════════════════════════════╗ ---
║ ┌─────────────────────────────┐ ║ |
║ │ r:0,c:0, rspan:1, cspan:4 │ ║ | 0
║ └─────────────────────────────┘ ║ ---
║ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ║ |
║ │ 1,0 │ │ 1,1 │ │ 1,2 │ │ 1,3 │ ║ | 1
║ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ ║ ---
║ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ║ |
║ │ 2,0 │ │ 2,1 │ │ 2,2 │ │ 2,3 │ ║ | 2
║ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ ║ ---
║ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ║ |
║ │ 3,0 │ │ 3,1 │ │ 3,2 │ │ 3,3 │ ║ | 3
║ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │ │ ║ ---
║ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────┐ │ 2,1 │ ║ |
║ │ 4,0 1,2 │ │ 4,2 │ │ │ ║ | 4
║ └─────────────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ ║ ---
╚═════════════════════════════════╝
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / section >
< section id = "start-coding" >
< h2 > Start Coding< a class = "headerlink" href = "#start-coding" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h2 >
< section id = "initialize-the-window" >
< h3 > Initialize the window< a class = "headerlink" href = "#initialize-the-window" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > From < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/tutorial/calculator/calculator.001.py" > calculator.001.py< / a >
(< a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/sandbox/sandbox.html?filePath=tutorial/calculator/calculator.001.py" > tryItOnline< / a > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # If you want to try without installation, run from the pyTermTk root folder< / span >
< span class = "nv" > PYTHONPATH< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > < span class = "nb" > pwd< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > tutorial/calculator/calculator.001.py
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > First thing first I need a parent widget with a grid layout that I can use to place the elements of my calculator< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > TermTk< / span > < span class = "k" > as< / span > < span class = "nn" > ttk< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Create a root object (it is a widget that represent the terminal)< / span >
< span class = "n" > root< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTk< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Create a window and attach it to the root (parent=root)< / span >
< span class = "n" > calculatorWin< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkWindow< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > parent< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > root< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > pos< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 30< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 17< / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "n" > title< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " My first Calculator" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Create a grid layout and set it as default for the window< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkGridLayout< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "n" > calculatorWin< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > setLayout< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Once we have out layout object (< strong > winLayout< / strong > ) ready we can add all the widgets of calculator to it< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "add-all-the-widgets-of-calculator-to-it" >
< h3 > Add all the widgets of calculator to it< a class = "headerlink" href = "#add-all-the-widgets-of-calculator-to-it" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > From < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/tutorial/calculator/calculator.002.py" > calculator.002.py< / a >
(< a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/sandbox/sandbox.html?filePath=tutorial/calculator/calculator.002.py" > tryItOnline< / a > ):< / p >
< p > Based on the positions and sizes defined in the < a class = "reference external" href = "#design" > design layout< / a > , I place all the widgets on the < a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/autogen.TermTk/TermTk.TTkLayouts.gridlayout.html" > TTkGridLayout< / a > (< strong > winLayout< / strong > )< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # If you want to try without installation, run from the pyTermTk root folder< / span >
< span class = "nv" > PYTHONPATH< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > < span class = "nb" > pwd< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > tutorial/calculator/calculator.002.py
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "highlight-python notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # Define the Label and attach it to the grid layout at< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Position (Row/Col) (0,0) and (Row/Col)Span (1,4)< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # I force the Max Height to 1 in order to avoid this widget to resize vertically< / span >
< span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkLabel< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " Results" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > maxHeight< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 4< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Define the Numeric Buttons and attach them to the grid layout< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn1< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 1" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn2< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 2" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn3< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 3" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn4< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 4" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn5< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 5" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn6< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 6" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn7< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 7" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn8< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 8" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn9< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 9" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # Colspan/Rowspan are defaulted to 1 if not specified< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn4< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn5< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn6< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn7< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn8< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn9< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Adding the " 0" button on the bottom which alignment is< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Position (Row/Col) (4,0) (Row/Col)span (1,2)< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Just to show off I am using another way to attach it to the grid layout< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btn0< / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 0" < / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "mi" > 4< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Define the 2 algebraic buttons< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btnAdd< / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " +" < / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btnSub< / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " -" < / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # The Enter " =" button (2 rows wide )< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > btnRes< / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " =" < / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Last but not least an extrabutton just for fun< / span >
< span class = "n" > winLayout< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addWidget< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > mysteryButton< / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkButton< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > border< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > True< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > text< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " ?" < / span > < span class = "p" > ),< / span > < span class = "mi" > 4< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > This code will produce this result:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-default notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > ╔════════════════════════════╗
║ My first Calculator ║
╟────────────────────────────╢
║Results ║
║┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐║
║│ 1 ││ 2 ││ 3 ││ + │║
║╘═════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛║
║┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐║
║│ 4 ││ 5 ││ 6 ││ - │║
║╘═════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛║
║┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐┌─────┐║
║│ 7 ││ 8 ││ 9 ││ │║
║╘═════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛│ = │║
║┌────────────┐┌─────┐│ │║
║│ 0 ││ ? ││ │║
║╘════════════╛╘═════╛╘═════╛║
╚════════════════════════════╝
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Cool isn’t it?< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "numeric-button-events" >
< h3 > Numeric Button Events< a class = "headerlink" href = "#numeric-button-events" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > From < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/tutorial/calculator/calculator.003.py" > calculator.003.py< / a >
(< a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/sandbox/sandbox.html?filePath=tutorial/calculator/calculator.003.py" > tryItOnline< / a > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # If you want to try without installation, run from the pyTermTk root folder< / span >
< span class = "nv" > PYTHONPATH< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > < span class = "nb" > pwd< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > tutorial/calculator/calculator.003.py
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "highlight-python notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # I am defining a simlpe structure that can be used to store< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # the mathematical elements of the formulae< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # This is a simple callback that I can use to store the numbers< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # I didn' t include extra logic because out of the scope of this tutorial< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > value< / span > < span class = "p" > ):< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "ow" > is< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "mi" > 10< / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "n" > value< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Display the value in the label< / span >
< span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > setText< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "sa" > f< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "k" > else< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "mi" > 10< / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "n" > value< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Display the value in the label< / span >
< span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > setText< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "sa" > f< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # I am using a lambda function to redirect the click event to the< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # proper " setFactor" callback, this is due to the fact that the< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # " clicked" signal does not return any object or information that< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # can be used to identify which button has been pressed< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # different approaches are possible, i.e. create a separate function< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # for each button< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn0< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn1< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn2< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn3< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 3< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn4< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 4< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn5< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 5< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn6< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 6< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn7< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 7< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn8< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 8< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "n" > btn9< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > lambda< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > setFactor< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 9< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / section >
< section id = "operation-and-results-events" >
< h3 > Operation and results events< a class = "headerlink" href = "#operation-and-results-events" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > From < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/tutorial/calculator/calculator.004.py" > calculator.004.py< / a >
(< a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/sandbox/sandbox.html?filePath=tutorial/calculator/calculator.004.py" > tryItOnline< / a > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # If you want to try without installation, run from the pyTermTk root folder< / span >
< span class = "nv" > PYTHONPATH< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > < span class = "nb" > pwd< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > tutorial/calculator/calculator.004.py
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "highlight-python notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # Define 2 slots to handle the Add and Sub operations< / span >
< span class = "nd" > @pyTTkSlot< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > setOperationAdd< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " ADD" < / span >
< span class = "nd" > @pyTTkSlot< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > setOperationSub< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " SUB" < / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Connect them to the clicked signal of the buttons< / span >
< span class = "n" > btnAdd< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > setOperationAdd< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > btnSub< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > setOperationSub< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Same for the " =" button< / span >
< span class = "nd" > @pyTTkSlot< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > executeOperation< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "ow" > is< / span > < span class = "ow" > not< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "s2" > " ADD" < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > setText< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "sa" > f< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > + < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > = < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "k" > else< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "c1" > # " SUB" Routine< / span >
< span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< span class = "n" > resLabel< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > setText< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "sa" > f< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > - < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > = < / span > < span class = "si" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # reset the values< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' a' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' b' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span >
< span class = "n" > mathElements< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' operation' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "kc" > None< / span >
< span class = "n" > btnRes< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > executeOperation< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / section >
< section id = "beware-the-mystery-button" >
< h3 > Beware the Mystery Button< a class = "headerlink" href = "#beware-the-mystery-button" title = "Permalink to this heading" > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > From < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk/blob/main/tutorial/calculator/calculator.005.py" > calculator.005.py< / a >
(< a class = "reference external" href = "https://ceccopierangiolieugenio.github.io/pyTermTk/sandbox/sandbox.html?filePath=tutorial/calculator/calculator.005.py" > tryItOnline< / a > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # If you want to try without installation, run from the pyTermTk root folder< / span >
< span class = "nv" > PYTHONPATH< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > < span class = "nb" > pwd< / span > < span class = "sb" > `< / span > tutorial/calculator/calculator.005.py
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "highlight-python notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "nd" > @pyTTkSlot< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > showAboytWindow< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # I am using the overlay helper to show the< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # About window on top of the screen< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # it will be closed once the focus is lost< / span >
< span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkHelper< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > overlay< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > mysteryButton< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > ttk< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > TTkAbout< / span > < span class = "p" > (),< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "mi" > 2< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > mysteryButton< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > clicked< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > connect< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > showAboytWindow< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Press the Mystery “?” Button if you dare!!!< / p >
< div class = "highlight-default notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > ╔═══════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ My first Calculator ║
╟───────────────────────────────────────────╢
║1 + 2 = 3 ║
║┌─────────┐┌────────┐┌─────────┐┌─────────┐║
║│ 1 ││ 2 ││ 3 ││ + │║
║╘═════════╛╘════════╛╘═════════╛╘═════════╛║
║┌─────────┐┌────────┐┌─────────┐┌─────────┐║
║│ 4 ││ 5 ││ 6 ││ - │║
║│ ││ ╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║╘═════════╛╘══║ About... ║
║┌─────────┐┌──╟─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║│ 7 ││ ║ ▝▀▄ ████████╗ ████████╗ ║
║│ ││ ║ ▗▄▀▜▀▘▄▄▖ ╚══██╔══╝ ╚══██╔══╝ ║
║╘═════════╛╘══║▐▐▛▄▐▀▌▝▘▀ ██║ ▄▄ ▄ ▄▄ ▄▄▖▄▖ ██║ █ ▗▖ ║
║┌─────────────║▝▀▌▜▝▀▘▌▌ ▞▀▚ ▖▗ ██║ █▄▄█ █▀▘ █ █ █ ██║ █▟▘ ║
║│ 0 ║ ▗▗▞▜▀▌▗▌▖ ▙▄▞▐▄▟ ██║ ▀▄▄▖ █ █ ▝ █ ██║ █ ▀▄ ║
║│ ║ ▝▐▙▟▟▌▟▌▌ ▌ ▐ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ║
║╘═════════════║ ▐▐▌▗▌▘▌▌ ▚▄▄▘ Version: 0.7.0a16 ║
╚══════════════║ ▝▐▌▐▖▜▌▌ ║
║ ▝▐▀▝▘▀▘▘ Powered By, Eugenio Parodi ║
║ ▝▀▀▀▀▘ ║
║ https://github.com/ceccopierangiolieugenio/pyTermTk ║
╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Well, with colors is another thing!!!< / p >
< / section >
< / section >
< / section >
< / div >
< / div >
< footer > < div class = "rst-footer-buttons" role = "navigation" aria-label = "Footer" >
< a href = "004-logging.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-left" title = "pyTermTk - Logging" accesskey = "p" rel = "prev" > < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-left" aria-hidden = "true" > < / span > Previous< / a >
< a href = "ttkDesigner/textEdit/README.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-right" title = "ttkDesigner - Your first TextEditor" accesskey = "n" rel = "next" > Next < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-right" aria-hidden = "true" > < / span > < / a >
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< hr / >
< div role = "contentinfo" >
< p > © Copyright 2021, Eugenio Parodi.< / p >
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Built with < a href = "https://www.sphinx-doc.org/" > Sphinx< / a > using a
< a href = "https://github.com/readthedocs/sphinx_rtd_theme" > theme< / a >
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